ἐπιβαίνω

ἐπιβαίνω, rarely [suff] ἐπηχ-βάω, imper.

A

ἐπίβᾱ Thgn.847

, [dialect] Dor. inf. ἐπιβῆν (infr.IV): [tense] fut.-βήσομαι: [tense] pf.-βέβηκα: [tense] aor. 2 ἐπέβην: [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Med. ἐπεβησάμην (of which Hom.always uses the [dialect] Ep.form ἐπεβήσετο, imper.

ἐπιβήσεο Il.8.105

, al.; later

ἐπεβήσατο A.R.3.869

, [dialect] Dor.

-βάσατο Call.Lav.Pall.65

).

A. in these tenses, intr., go upon:

I. c. gen., set foot on, tread, walk upon, γαίης, ἠπείρου, Od.9.83, h.Cer. 127; πόληος, πατρίδος αἴης, Τροίης, Il.16.396, Od.4.521, 14.229; ἀδύτων

ἐπιβάς E.Andr.1034

(lyr.); ἐ. τῶν οὔρων set foot on the confines, Hdt.4.125, cf. Th.1.103, Pl.Lg.778e;

τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ X. HG7.4.6

; πυρῆς ἐπιβάντ' ἀλεγεινῆς, of a corpse, placed upon . . , Il.4.99;

πλατείᾳ τῇ ῥινὶ ἐ. τοῦ χείλους Philostr.Im.2.18

; also

ἐ. ἐπί τινος Hdt.2.107

.

2. get upon, mount on,

πύργων Il.8.165

; νεῶν ib. 512;

ἵππων 5.328

, 10.513;

δίφρου 23.379

;

εὐνῆς 9.133

;

τοῦ τείχεος Hdt.9.70

; λέκτρων ἐ. A.Supp.39; also

ἐ. ἐπὶ νεός Hdt.8.118

: freq. in Hom., in [tense] aor. [voice] Med.,

ἐπεβήσετ' ἀπήνης Od.6.78

, al.

b. Archit., to be superposed,

τὰ ἐπιβαίνοντα πάντα ἐπὶ τοὺς κρατευτάς IG7.3073.104

, cf. 111 (Lebad.).

3. of Time, arrive at,

τετταράκοντα ἐ. ἐτῶν Pl.Lg.666b

; δεκάτω (sc. ἔτεος) ἐ. Theoc.26.29;

δωδεκάτου ἐπιβάς IG 14.1728

;

τῆς μειρακίων ἡλικίας Hdn.1.3.1

.

4. metaph., ἀναιδείης ἐπέβησαν have trodden the path of shamelessness, Od.22.424; ἐϋφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον enter into joy, 23.52; τέχνης ἐπιβήσομαι,-βήμεναι, h.Merc.166, 465; ὁσίης ib.173;

εὐσεβίας S.OC189

(lyr.); ἐ. δόξης entertain an expectation, Id.Ph.1463 (anap.); ἐ. σοφίας undertake it, Pl.Epin.981a;

λόγου Luc.Astr.8

; ἐ. τῆς ἀφορμῆς, τῆς προφάσεως, seize upon it, App.Syr.2, Sam.11, etc.; preside over, τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης

ψυχῆς Iamb.Myst.9.8

, al.

II. c. dat., get upon, board,

ναυσί Th.7.70

; land on,

ἐ. τῇ Σικελίᾳ D.S.16.66

: metaph.,

ἐ. ἀνορέαις Pi.N.3.20

; also, make forcible entry into, τινός οἰκίαις, γῇ, PHamb.10.6 (ii A.D.), PAmh.2.142.7 (iv A.D.).

b. with a Prep., ἐπὶ πύργῳ ἄλλος πύργος

ἐπιβέβηκε Hdt.1.181

.

2. c. dat. pers., set upon, assault,

τινί X.Cyr. 5.2.26

, Plu.Cim.15, etc.; simply, approach, dub. in Pi.Fr.88.2.

3. trample on,

λὰξ ἐπίβα δήμῳ Thgn.847

.

III. c. acc.loci, light upon, in Hom. twice of gods lighting upon earth after their descent from Olympus, Πιερίην ἐπιβᾶσα, ἐπιβάς, Il.14.226, Od.5.50; so πολλῶν ἐ. καιρόν light on the fit time, Pi.N.1.18; then simply, go on to a place, enter it,

γῆν καὶ ἔθνος Hdt.7.50

;

λειμῶν' S.Aj.144

(anap.): with Prep., ἐ. ἐπὶ χώραν Decr.Amphict. ap. D.18.154;

εἰς Βοιωτίαν D.S.14

. 84.

2. rarely c. acc. pers., attack, only poet., S.Aj.138 (anap.): metaph., of passion or suffering, Id.El.492 (lyr.), Ph.194 (anap.).

3. mount,

νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες Hes.Sc.286

: more freq. with Prep., ἐπὶ

τὸν ἵππον Hdt.4.22

;

ἐπὶνέα Id.8.120

, cf. Th.1.111; but ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ, of made quadrupeds, cover a female, Arist.HA539b26; so abs., ib. 574a20, al.: c. dat., Luc.Asin.27: c. gen., Horap.1.46, 2.78.

4. ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ σκέλος use, put one's weight on, a broken leg, Hp. Fract. 18.

5. with acc. of the Instr. of Motion (cf.

βαίνω A.11.4

), ἐπιβῆναι τῷ

ἀριστερῷ ἐκείνης τὸν ἐμὸν δεξιόν Luc.DMeretr.4.5

, cf. Tox.48.

IV. abs., get a footing, stand on one's feet, Il.5.666, Od.12.434; μἠπιβῆν it is forbidden to set foot here, IG12(3).1381 ([place name] Thera).

2. step onwards, advance,

Τρώων δὲ πόλις ἐπὶ πᾶσα βέβηκε Il.16.69

, cf. Hes. Op. 679, f.l. in Pi.N.10.43;

ἐπίβαινε πόρσω S.OC179

(s.v.l., lyr.): me taph., advance in one's demands, Plb.1.68.8.

3. mount on a chariot or on horseback, be mounted, Hdt.3.84; go or be on board ship, Il.15.387, S.Aj.358 (lyr.), Hdt.8.90, Th.2.90, etc.

B. Causal in [tense] fut.

-βήσω Luc. DMort.6.4

, [dialect] Ep. inf.

-βησέμεν Il.8.197

, Hes.Th.396, but usu. in [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Act. (ἐπιβιβάζω, ἐπιβάσκω serve as [tense] pres.):—make one mount, set him upon,

ὅν ῥα τόθ' ἵππων . . ἐπέβησε Il.8.129

;

πολλοὺς δὲ πυρῆς ἐπέβησ' ἀλεγεινῆς 9.546

; ὥς κ' ἐμὲ . . ἐμῆς

ἐπιβήσετε πάτρης Od.7.223

;

ἐ. τινὰς σκάφεσιν J.BJ4.7.6

; πλοίων ib. 11.5, cf. Luc.l.c.;

ὁπλίτας ὁλκάσιν App.BC5.92

; τινὰς ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς ib.2.59 : also in [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Med.,

νιν ἑῶ ἐπεβάσατο δίφρω Call.Lav.Pall. 65

.

b. of things, νευρὰν ἐπέβασε κορώνας set the string on his bow's tip, B.5.73.

2. metaph. (cf.A.1.4), ἐϋκλεΐης ἐπίβησον bring to great glory, Il.8.285;

τιμῆς καὶ γεράων Hes. Th.396

; χαλιφρονέοντα σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν they bring him to sobriety, Od.23.13; λιγυρῆς

ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς Hes.Op.659

; δουλοσύνας (prob.) E.Hyps.Fr.41(64).86; εἴ σε τύχη . . ἡλικίας ἐπέβησεν had brought thee to full age, IG2.2263.

3. [ἠὼς] πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου dawn sets them on their way, Hes.Op.580.